V   Y  ,1    rm^S-  ms^^M^^  V  3,  T? 

3M-,    StJJjfjiH   ^^JTm<S^    LiffH^,        GM-,    ./N/yv'^G»v   ^ 


Urbana-Champaign 

?~ 


SCf*4%i 


UNIVERSITY  LIBRARY  djjjj 

^  UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS  AT  URBANA-CHAMPAIGN  ^:J*«p^ 

The  person  charging  this  material  is  responsible  for  its 
renewal  or  return  to  the  library  on  or  before  the  due      fM^!^f^^ 
date.  The  minimum  fee  for  a  lost  item  is  $125.00, 
$300.00  for  bound  journals. 

>i^>^*v    *T*  \ ifA-"!*     1*358?  Jjtk*  ' 

Theft,  mutilation,  and  underlining  of  books  are  reasons 
for  disciplinary  action  and  may  result  in  dismissal  from 
^~^i*w^     tne  University.  Please  note:  self-stick  notes  may  result 
in  torn  pages  and  lift  some  inks. 

£      Renew  via  the  Telephone  Center  at  217-333-8400,      '  Jf±?j&k\ 

j      846-262-1510  (toll-free)  or  circlib@uiuc.edu. 

i^  Renew  online  by  choosing  the  My  Account  option  at:      >(j£&\  &%$- 

http://www.library.uiuc.edu/catalog/ 


•sxK 


J 


UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS 


Agricultural  Experiment  Station 


BULLETIN  No.  113 


THE  SHRINKAGE  OF  EAR  CORN  IN  CRIBS 


BY  ALBERT  N.  HUME  AND  O.  D.  CENTER 


URBANA,   ILLINOIS,   MARCH,   1907 


SUMMARY  OF  BULLETIN  No.    113 

1.  The  total  shrinkage  of  ear  corn  in  cribs  varies  widely  under  differ- 
ent conditions,  so  that  an   attempt  to   make  a  statement  in  average  terms 
would  be  misleading.  Page  363. 

2.  In  the  trials  reported  in  this  bulletin  the  shrinkage  ranged  from  12 
percent  to  20  percent  for  the  first  year.  Page  363. 

3.  The  increases  in  price  necessary  to  compensate  for  shrinkage  vary 
correspondingly  to  decrease  in  weight.  Page  364 

4.  The  shrinkage  of  old  corn  is  very  slight  compared  to  shrinkage  for 
the  first  year.  Page  365. 

5.  April  and  May  are  the  months  of  greatest  shrinkage.  Page  365. 


THE  SHRINKAGE  OF  EAR  CORN   IN  CRIBS 


BY  ALBERT  N.  HUME,  FIRST  ASSISTANT  IN  CROP  PRODUCTION  AND 
O.  D.  CENTER,  ASSISTANT  IN  CROP  PRODUCTION 

As  an  average  for  ten  years  past,  the  Chicago  cash  price  for 
corn  has  been  3.8  cents  per  bushel  higher  in  May  than  in  December. 
It  should  be  further  kept  in  mind  that  in  many  localities  the  custom 
remains  of  taking  seventy-five  pounds  of  ear  corn  for  a  bushel  in 
the  fall,  and  only  seventy  pounds  in  the  spring.  This  would  be 
equivalent,  if  the  custom  were  universally  followed,  to  making  an 
increase  of  .2.5  cents  per  bushel  in  the  price  of  corn  between  fall 
and  spring.  Some  such  amount  as  this  should  be  added  to  3.8  cents, 
in  order  to  express  the  actual  average  rise  in  price  of  corn  between 
December  and  May.  This  would  make  a  total  difference  of  6.3  cents. 

This  conclusion  is  based  upon  the  following  data,  summarized 
from  the  Year  Book  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture  for  1905. 
The  prices  given  in  the  table  for  the  months  of  December  and  May 
are  the  averages  of  the  "high"  and  "low"  Chicago  cash  prices  for 
the  respective  months. 

TABLE  1. — AVERAGE  CHICAGO  PRICES  OF  CORN  FOR  DECEMBER  AND  MAY 


Year. 

December   price. 

May  price. 

Difference   in  favor 
of  May. 

1895 

25.87 

28.50 

2.63 

1896 

23.12 

24.25 

6.13 

1897 

26.25 

34.68 

2.43 

1898 

35.56 

33.43 

-2.13 

1899 

30.75 

38.25 

7.50 

1900 

37.87 

50.56 

12.69 

1901 

65.00 

61.93 

-4.07 

1902 

50.50 

45.00 

-5.50 

1903 

42.37 

48.62 

6.25 

1904 

46.25 

56.25 

10.00 

1905 

46.12 

Average 

38.26 

42.03 

3.77 

One  question  of  interest  to  nearly  every  one  who  handles  ear 
corn  is  whether  or  not  the  average  margin  of  3.8  cents  between  De- 
cember and  May  (or  6.3  cents,  if  five  pounds  less  ear  corn  is  taken 
for  a  bushel)  will  justify  the  holding  of  corn  in  cribs  from  husking 
time  till  winter  or  spring.  Would  it  be  more  profitable  to  market 
corn  as  early  as  possible  after  husking  time,  or  is  it  profitable  to 
hold  it? 


362  BULLETIN  No.  113.  [March, 

PLAN  OF  EXPERIMENT 

With  a  view  to  getting  information  on  this  question  the  Agri- 
cultural Experiment  Station  of  the  University  of  Illinois  constructed 
corn  cribs  in  such  a  manner  that  they  could  be  lowered  to  rest  upon 
the  platforms  of  large  wagon  scales  and  weighed.  Thus  when  the 
cribs  were  filled  with  corn  the  amount  of  weight  lost  could  be  de- 
termined from  time  to  time.  Each  crib  was  so  covered  with  a  roof 
and  siding  that  it  was  influenced  by  weather  conditions  as  little  as 
practicable. 

One  crib  was  built  on  the  University  farm  at  Urbana ;  the  other 
at  Sibley,  Illinois.  It  was  planned  that  each  crib  should  be  weighed 
every  week,  and  with  few  exceptions  this  was  actually  done,  and 
the  weights  recorded.  Aside  from  some  preliminary  experiments 
the  cribs  have  been  weighed  continuously  for  three  successive  years, 
having  been  refilled  once.  In  every  case  a  variety  of  corn  was  used 
which  was  well  adapted  to  the  locality  of  the  crib.  Also  in  every 
case  the  corn  used  was  reasonably  mature  and  sound.* 

The  weekly  weights  of  the  two  cribs  are  given  in  Tables  6,  8,  10, 
and  12,  of  this  bulletin.  These  same  data  are  condensed  in  Tables 
7,  9,  ii.  and  13,  where  may  be  found  the  shrinkage  for  the  separate 
months.  In  these  latter  tables  the  average  of  all  the  weights  taken 
in  a  given  month  is  considered  as  the  weight  for  that  month. 

In  order  to  make  a  check  upon  the  data  of  the  "scale  crib"  at 
Sibley,  a  stationary  crib  was  built  close  by  the  former.  This  second 
crib  was  constructed  of  ordinary  fencing  lumber  on  blocks.  The 
plan  was  to  weigh  each  wagon  load  of  corn  as  it  was  put  in  when 
this  crib  was  filled,  and  also  to  weigh  out  all  corn  when  the  crib  was 
emptied  at  the  end  of  the  trial.  From  the  total  weights  thus  gotten 
the  total  percent  of  shrinkage  was  computed. 

SHRINKAGE  BY  QUARTERS 

Table  2  summarizes  the  shrinkage  by  quarters ;  the  data  being 
abstracted  from  Tables  6,  8,  10,  and  12.  The  data  for  the  first  year 
of  each  trial  are  given  in  the  upper  part  of  the  table  and  that  for 
the  second  year  trials  are  given  in  the  lower  part  of  the  table. 

*It  should  be  stated  that  this  experiment  was  planned  before  the  writers 
came  into  the  work  of  the  Illinois  Experiment  Station,  and  that  it  has  been 
continued  to  date  without  any  essential  change.  Some  modifications  have 
been  made  recentty  which  will  give  additional  information  to  be  reported 
later. 


1907.} 


SHRINKAGE  OF  EAR  CORN. 


363 


TABLE  2. — PERCENT  OF  SHRINKAGE  BY  QUARTERS,  ORIGINAL  WEIGHT 
OF  CORN  USED  AS  THE  BASE,  THE  AVERAGE  OF  ALL  WEIGHTS  TAKEN 
IN  THE  GIVEN  MONTH  BEING  SUBTRACTED  IN  CALCULATING  SHRINK- 

AGE 

Total  Shrinkage  up  to  and  including-  month  given. 


Crib. 

Data  for  first  year. 

Sibley 
1st  trial 
2nd  trial 

December. 

March. 

June. 

September. 

2.1 

5.2 
2.2 

17.7 
8.0 

19.0 
12.3 

Urbana 
1st  trial 
2nd  trial 

3.2 
5.5 

6.9 
8.5 

17.9 
14.2 

19.8 
15.2 

Data  for  second  year  (including'  first  year.) 


Sibley 
1st  trial 

19.6 

17.6 

19.1 

20.5 

Urbana 

1st  trial 

19.7 

18.4 

20.3 

20.7 

From  the  above  table  we  can  see  that  the  first  year  shrinkages 
of  the  two  cribs  varied  between  12.3  percent  and  19.8  percent  up  to 
the  end  of  the  fourth  quarter. 

In  connection  with  these  percents  of  shrinkage  we  may  consider 
data  secured  from  other  weighings,  and  also  results  from  some 
preliminary  trials. 

December  6,  1901,  20,545  pounds  of  corn  were  weighed  into 
a  crib  at  Sibley.  This  corn  was  weighed  out  September  25,  1903, 
when  the  weight  was  found  to  be  18,690  pounds.  Here  was  a  loss 
of  1,855  pounds  or  9.0  percent  for  the  entire  period,  extending  over 
twenty-two  months.  • 

Another  crib  close  by  was  also  filled  and  emptied  on  the  same 
dates  as  the  above.  The  same  amount  of  corn  was  put  into  it  as 
into  the  other,  namely  20,545  pounds.  When  this  was  taken  out  it 
weighed  18,650  pounds.  It  had  lost  1,895  pounds,  or  9.2  percent. 
This  crib  and  the  one  above  were  filled  with  the  same  kind  of  corn 
and  the  percents  of  shrinkage  thus  determined  in  duplicate  certainly 
agree  very  well. 

Again,  a  stationary  crib  was  filled  with  ear  corn  during  the 
week  preceding  November  n,  1905,  and  emptied  November  3,  1906. 
The  weights  in  and  out  were,  respectively,  19,850  pounds  and  17,280 
pounds.  Thus  the  loss  was  12.9  percent  for  the  year,  which  agrees 
well  with  the  shrinkage  for  the  Sibley  scale  crib  given  in  Table  2. 

We  have  thus,  taking  into  consideration  all  the  trials,  a  varia- 
tion in  shrinkage  of  the  different  cribs  ranging  between  9.0  and  20.7 
percent  for  nearly  two  years'  storage. 


364 


BULLETIN  No.  113. 


[March. 


Table  2  is  used  as  a  basis  for  computing  Table  3,  which  shows 
the  increase  in  price  that  must  take  place  between  cribbing  time  and 
the  given  months,  to  compensate  for  shrinkage.  It  is  assumed  that 
in  the  case  of  every  trial,  the  corn  might  have  been  marketed  at 
cribbing  time  for  thirty-five  cents  per  bushel. 

TABLE  3.— NUMBER  OF  CENTS  INCREASE  IN  PRICE  PER  BUSHEL  NECES- 
SARY TO  COMPENSATE  FOR  SHRINKAGE,  UP  TO  AND  INCLUDING 
MONTH  GIVEN:  ASSUMING  CORN  TO  BE  WORTH  THIRTY-FIVE  CENTS 
AT  CRIBBING  TIME 

Data  for  first  year. 


Crib. 

December. 

March. 

June. 

September. 

Difference   be- 
tween Decem- 
ber and  June. 

Sibley 
1st  trial 
2nd  trial 

.7 

1.9 

.8 

8.7 
3.0 

8.2 
4.9 

7.8* 
2.3 

Urbana 
1st  trial 
2nd  trial 

1.1 
2.0 

2.6 
3.2 

7.6 

5.8 

8.6 
6.3 

6.5 

3.8 

Data  for  second  year  (including  first  year.) 


Sibley 
1st  trial 

8.5 

7.5 

8.3 

9.0 

.5 

Urbana 
1st  trial 

8.6 

7.9 

8.9 

9.1 

.5 

*Difference  between  March  and  June. 

VARIATION  is  GREAT 

A  consideration  of  Tables  2  and  3  must  cause  us  to  note  above 
other  things,  the  wide  variation  in  the  amount  of  shrinkage  of  corn 
in  cribs  and  the  consequent  variation  in  the  increase  of  price  neces- 
sary to  compensate  for  the  shrinkage.  Obviously  there  would  be 
no  advantage  in  attempting  to  compute  an  average  shrinkage  from 
the  amount  of  data  at  hand.  Table  2  shows  that  the  percent  of 
decrease  in  weight  of  ear  corn  up  to  and  including  September  of  the 
first  year  runs  from  12  percent  to  nearly  20  percent  in  the  four  dif- 
erent  trials.  Consequently  Table  3  shows  a  necessary  increase  in 
price  for  September  varying  between  4.9  cents  and  8.6  cents  per 
bushel. 

The  decrease  in  weight  between  December  and  June  in  two  cases 
out  of  four  was  greater  than  would  be  covered  by  the  average  in- 
crease in  price  of  6.3  cents  between  December  and  May;  on  the 
other  hand  two  of  the  trials  show  a  smaller  shrinkage  so  that  the 
average  increase  in  price  (including  the  usual  five-pound  decrease 
in  the  number  of  pounds  taken  for  one  bushel)  may  cover  the  aver- 
age shrinkage. 


1907.  J  .        SHRINKAGE  OF  EAR  CORN.  365 

MONTHS  OF  GREATEST  SHRINKAGE 

Table  2  shows  that  the  shrinkage  for  the  second  quarter  is  not 
much  in  excess  of  that  for  the  first  quarter ;  the  difference  being  an 
average  of  only  2.10  percent.  The  shrinkage  for  the  third  quarter, 
however,  is  noticeably  greater  than  that  of  the  second,  the  average 
difference  being  8.70  percent.  Again  the  shrinkage  from  June  to 
September  averages  only  2.10  percent.  By  far  the  most  noticeable 
shrinkage  of  ear  corn  in  cribs  occurs  during  the  months  of  April 
and  May.  This  conclusion  is  further  apparent  from  a  study  of 
Tables  7,  9,  n,  and  13,  which  give  the  shrinkages  by  months.  After 
April  and  May  corn  suffers  only  a  gradual  loss. 

SHRINKAGE  OF  OLD  CORN 

By  consulting  Table  2  and  observing  the  shrinkage  given  for 
each  crib  under  the  heading  "Second  Year,"  it  becomes  apparent 
that  practically  all  moisture  comes  out  of  ear  corn  during  the  first 
year  of  shrinkage.  In  the  one  trial  at  Sibley,  continued  through 
the  second  year,  the  shrinkage  was  19.6  percent  at  the  beginning  of 
the  year  and  had  only  increased  to  20.5  percent  by  the  following 
September.  The  Urbana  corn  also  lost  only  one  percent  in  weight 
during  the  second  year.  It  seems  safe  to  assume  that  old  corn  may 
be  stored  in  cribs,  with  very  slight  loss  from  shrinkage. 

RESULTS  FROM  OTHER  EXPERIMENT  STATIONS 

The  Iowa  experiment  station  made  reports  upon  shrinkage  of 
corn  in  cribs  in  Iowa  bulletins  45  and  77.  Bulletin  45  gives  data  for 
a  single  crib,  a  single  year.  The  following  table  is  reconstructed 
out  of  the  table  of  "weekly  weights"  given  on  page  228  of  Iowa 
bulletin  45,  in  such  a  way  as  to  be  comparable  with  Table  2  of  this 
bulletin. 

TABLE  4.— SHRINKAGE  OF  EAR  CORN  BY  QUARTERS,  (Iowa  Bulletin  45}. 
ORIGINAL  WEIGHT  OF  CORN  is  USED  AS  THE  BASE,  AND  THE  AVER- 
AGE OF  ALL  WEIGHTS  TAKEN  IN  THE  GivtN  MONTH  AS  THE  WEIGHT 
FOR  THAT  MONTH 


Percent  of  shrinkage 

up  to  and  including"  month  given. 

Crib. 

December. 

March 

June. 

September. 

Iowa. 

8.7 

105 

16.2 

19.4 

The  following  table  is  constructed  in  a  similar  manner  from 
data  given  on  page  179  of  Iowa  bulletin  77.  It  is  made  by  averag- 
ing the  shrinkage  of  four  varieties  there  given. 


366  BULLETIN  No.  113. 

TABLE  5. — SHRINKAGE  OF  CORN  BY  QUARTERS  (low a  Bulletin  77) . 
AVERAGE  OF  POUR  VARIETIES 


Shrinkage  up  to  date  given  in  original  bulletin. 

Crib. 

December. 

March. 

June. 

Iowa. 

8.3 

14.1 

20.9 

The  Michigan  Experiment  Station  reports  as  follows  (Michigan 
Bulletin  ipi)  : 

In  the  fall  of  1896,  October  3  and  5,  6  loads  of  corn  amount- 
ing to  16,767  pounds  were  placed  in  a  crib.  Most  of  it  was  hauled 
as  soon  as  husked  as  the  weather  was  damp  and  rainy.  February 
13  following  the  corn  was  again  weighed.  It  had  lost  5,725  lb., 
a  little  over  30  percent.  This  is  an  extreme  case,  as  the  corn  was 
unusually  damp  when  placed  in  the  crib. 

"October  21,  1895,  3,310  pounds  of  ears  were  hauled  from  the 
field  in  a  fairly  dry  condition  on  a  damp  day.  The  corn  was  left 
in  the  sacks  until  January  23,  when  it  had  lost  359  pounds  or  nearly 
ii  percent." 

Dr.  Manly  Miles  at  Houghton  Farm  weighed  corn  from  cer- 
tain plots  called  "north  plots"  and  "west  plots,"  October,  1881. 
There  was  a  weight  of  55,553  pounds  taken  from  the  "north  plots" 
and  48,830  pounds  from  the  "west  plots."  The  corn  from  both 
series  was  weighed  again  in  March.  The  total  shrinkage  of  ears 
from  the  "north  plots"  was  found  to  be  7.41  percent  and  from  the 
"west  plots"  7.49  percent. 

The  Rhode  Island  Experiment  Station  Report  for  1895  gives 
results  with  five  varieties  of  corn.  Twenty-five  pound  samples  of 
unshelled  corn  were  hung  in  a  corn  crib  in  November,  and  allowed 
to  shrink  till  March.  The  shrinkage  ranged  from  7  percent  to  22 
percent. 

Kentucky  Bulletin  26  reports  results  from  eight  differently  fer- 
tilized plots.  The  corn  from  each  plot  was  spread  on  the  .floor  to 
shrink.  The  first  weight  was  taken  November  1 1  and  the  piles  were 
weighed  again  January  24.  The  shrinkage  ranged  from  12.3  to 
29.5  percent. 

Data  given  on  page  1 5  of  Kentucky  Bulletin  33  show  the  shrink- 
age of  nine  plots  of  corn  fertilized  in  different  ways,  between  husk- 
ing time  and  February  7  to  range  from  9  percent  to  12  percent. 


1907.} 


SHRINKAGE  OF  EAR  CORN. 


367 


EXPLANATION  OF  FOLLOWING  TABLES 

The  remaining  part  of  this  bulletin  consists  essentially  of  the 
tabulated  weekly  weights  from  which  Table  2  is  condensed.  These 
details  are  appended  with  the  thought  that  they  may  be  used  for 
reference.  For  instance,  it  may  be  interesting  to  note  that  as  a 
general  thing  the  crib  weights  are  influenced  by  the  amount  of 
moisture  in  the  atmosphere.  This  may  be  noticed  by  referring  to 
Tables  6,  8,  10,  and  12. 

For  convenience  in  reference  Table  6  is  condensed  into  Table  j. 
In  like  manner  Table  8  is  summarized  in  Table  9;  Table  10  in 
Table  n  ;  and  Table  12  in  Table  13.  These  Tables  7,  9,  n,  and 
13,  give  the  percent  of  shrinkage  continuously  by  months  through- 
out each  trial  for  each  crib. 


SIBLEY  CRIB— FIRST  TRIAL 

TABLE  6. — DATES  OP   WEIGHING,    NET  WEIGHT  OP  CORN,  POUNDS   OF 
SHRINKAGE,  OR  GAIN,  STATE  OF  WEATHER 


Date  of 
weighing. 

Net  weight 
of  corn  in 
pounds  on 
date  of 

Pounds  of 
shrinkage 
since  last 

Pounds  of 
gain  since 
last  weigh- 

State of  weather  at  or 
near  time  of  weighing. 

weighing. 

weighing. 

ing. 

1903 

C\r*±         1  K 

20910 

<JCt.     ID 

1904 

Jan.  7 

19740 

1170 

Dry,  snow 

"    14 

19900 

ieo 

Clear,  mild 

"    21 

19945 

45 

Cloudy,  no  wind 

"    28 

19905 

'46 

Dry,  snow 

Feb.    4 

19740 

165 

.  .  . 

Dry,  snow 

"    11 

19720 

20 

Dry,  no  wind 

"     18 

19695 

25 

.  .  . 

Damp,  no  wind 

"    25 

19595 

100 

Dry,  snowing 

Mar.   3 

19670 

'75 

Dry,  no  wind 

"    10 

19595 

'is 

Damp,  S.  wind 

"     17 

19570 

25 

Dry,  S.  E.  wind 

"     31 

19595 

*25 

Damp,  no  wind 

April  7 

19520 

75 

Dry,  E.  wind 

"     14 

19495 

25 

Dry,  N.  wind 

"     21 

18720 

775 

Dry,  S.  wind 

"     28 

18595 

125 

Dry,  N.  wind 

May    5 

18245 

350 

Light  rain 

"    12 

17870 

375 

Dry,  S.  wind 

"     19 

17645 

225 

Dry,  no  wind 

"     26 

17370 

275 

Dry,  no  wind 

June   2 

17395 

'25 

Dry,  S.  wind 

"      9 

17245 

150 

Dry,  S.  wind 

"     23 

17070 

175 

Dry,  S.  W.  wind 

"     30 

17020 

50 

Dry,  S.  W.  wind 

368 


BULLETIN  No.  113. 
TABLE  6. — CONTINUED 


[March, 


Date  of 
weighing. 

Net  weight 
of  corn  in 
pounds  on 
date  of 
weighing. 

Pounds  of 
shrinkage 
since  last 
weighing. 

Pounds  of 
gain  since 
last  weigh- 
ing. 

State  of  weather  at  or 
near  time  of  weighing. 

July    7 
i.     14 

"    21 

"    28 
Aug.    4 
'•     11 
"     18 
"     25 
Sept.    1 
"       8 
"     15 
"     22 
"     29 

17020 
17195 
17095 
17020 
16920 
16795 
16770 
16795 
16945 
16895 
16845 
16895 
17080 

0 

ioo 

75 
100 
125 
25 

"50 

50 

iis 

'25 
150 

'SO 

185 

Damp,  S.  wind 
Damp,  S.  wind 
Dry,  not,  no  wind 
Dry,  cool 
Dry,  hot,  W.  wind 
Dry,  hot,  no  wind 
Dry,  warm,  N.  E.  wind 
Dry,  warm,  N.  W.  wind 
Dry,  warm,  no  wind 
Dry,  no  wind 
Dry,  no  wind 
Dry,  warm,  no  wind 
Dry,  hot 

Oct.    6 
"    13 
"    20 
"    27 
Nov.    3 
•'     10 
"     24 
Dec.    1 
'•      8 
"     15 
"    22 
•'    29 

17000 
17035 
16920 
16960 
16945 
16920 
16820 
16820 
16850 
16730 
16780 
16845 

80 

iis 
is 

25 

100 
0 

i20 

35 
'46 

'30 

'06 
65 

Dry,  cool 
Damp,  cool 
Damp,  cool,  S.  W.  wind 
Dry,  cool,  no  wind 
Warm,  dry,  no  wind 
Dry,  cool 
Dry,  no  wind 
Dry,  no  wind 
Dry,  no  wind 
Dry,  no  wind 
Dry,  no  wind 
Dry,  cool,  S.  W.  wind 

1905 
Jan.    5 
"    12 

"     26 

17120 
16845 
16820 

275 
25 

275 

Damp,  cold,  no  wind 
Dry,  cold,  UQ  wind 

Feb.    4 

16495 

325 

"     17 

16795 

300 

li    24 

17170 

375 

Mar  10 

17295 

125 

"     17 

17295 

0 

"    31 

17095 

200 

Apr.  13 

16980 

115 

•'     27 

16950 

30 

May  11 

16950 

0 

"    18 

16970 

20 

June   1 

16920 

50 

"    15 

16820 

100 

"    29 

16680 

140 

July    6 

16745 

65 

'•     20 

"    27 

16745 
16660 

0 

85 

Dry,  hot 

Aue.  22 

16720 

60 

Sept.  15 

"      28 

16690 
16520 

30 

170 

East  wind 
Light  wind,  S.  E. 

Oct.    5 
"     12 

16520 
16460 

0 
60 

S.  W.  wind 
X.  W.  wind 

1907.] 


SHRINKAGE  OF  EAR  CORN. 


369 


SIBLEY  CRIB— FIRST  TRIAL. 

TABLE  7.— PERCENTAGES  OF  Loss  FOR  MONTH  ON  THE  ORIGINAL  WEIGHT 
OF  THE  CORN,  AND  ALSO  PERCENTAGES  OF  LOSS  EACH  MONTH 
SINCE  THE  PRECEDING  MONTH,  USING  THE  ORIGINAL  WEIGHT  OF 
THE  CRIB  AS  THE  BASE  AND  THE  AVERAGE  OF  ALL  WEIGHTS 
TAKEN  AS  THE  WEIGHT  FOR  THE  MONTH. 


Date. 

Percent  of 
shrinkage  to 
date. 

Percent  of 
original  weight 
lost  since  preced- 
ing month. 

Percent  of 
original  weight 
gained  since 
preceding  month. 

1904 
January 
February 
March 

4.9 
5.8 
5.2 

l 

".9 

'  .6 

April 
Maj' 
June 

87 
14.9 
17.7 

3.5 
6.2 

2.8- 

July 
August 
September 

18.3 
19.5 
19.0 

.6 
1.2 

•  5 

October 
November 
December 

18.8 
19.2 
19.6 

.4 

.4 

.2 

1905 
January 
February 
March 

19.0 
19.5 
17.6 

".5 

.6 
'1.9 

April 
May 
June 

16.8 
18.8 
19.1 

1.2 
.0 
.3 

July 
August 
September 

20.0 
20.0 
20.5 

.9 
.0 
.5 

.... 

October 

21.1 

.6 

370 


BULLETIN  No.  113. 


[March. 


SIBLEY  CRIB— SECOND  TRIAL. 

TABLE  8. — DATES  THE  WEIGHTS  WERE  TAKEN,  NET  WEIGHT  OP  THE 
CORN,  Loss  OP  WEIGHT  SINCE  LAST  WEIGHING,  AND  STATE  OP 
WEATHER  WHEN  RECORD  WAS  TAKEN. 


Date  of 
weighing' 

Net  weight 
of  corn  in 
pounds  at 
time  of 
weighing. 

Pounds  of 
shrinkage 
since  last 
weighing. 

Pounds  of 
gain  since 
last 
weighing. 

State  of  weather  at  or 
near  time  of  weighing. 

1905 
Nov.  11 

19810 

• 

Dec.    8 

19400 

410 

"    20 

19350 

50 

"    30 

19375 

25 

1906 
Jan.    4 

19375 

0 

"      7 

19250 

125 

"     17 

19375 

125 

"     26 

19325 

50 

Feb.    1 

19200 

125 

"    14 

19025 

175 

"    22 

19375 

350 

Mar.   1 

19355 

20 

"      8 
"     15 
"    29 

19300 
19425 
19375 

55 
'56 

125 

Damp,  cloudy 
Snow,  N.  E.  wind 
Damp,  cloudy 

Apr.    7 
li     12 

19300 
19285 

75 
15 

Warm  S.  E.  wind 

"    26 

18975 

310 

May    3 

18800 

175 

'•    10 

18500 

300 

"    17 

18200 

300 

'     '25 

18275 

75 

June  2 

18200 

75 

"      7 

18225 

25 

"     16 

18250 

25 

"     21 

18275 

25 

"    30 

18095 

180 

July    7 

18000 

95 

""   19 

17775 

225 

"    28 

17850 

75 

Auff  30 

17175 

675 

Sept.  6 

17175 

0 

"    14 

17500 

325 

''     20 

17425 

75 

Oct.    4 

17775 

350 

1907. } 


SHRINKAGE  OF  EAR  CORN. 


371 


SIBLEY  CRIB— SECOND  TRIAL 

TABLE  9.  — PERCENTAGES  OF  Loss  FOR  MONTH  BASED  ON  THE  ORIGINAL 
WEIGHT  OF  THE  CORN,  AND  ALSO  PERCENTAGES  OF  Loss  EACH 
MONTH,  SINCE  THE  PRECEDING  MONTH,  USING  THE  ORIGINAL  WEIGHT 
OF  THE  CORN  AS  THE  BASE,  AND  THE  AVERAGE  OF  ALL  WEIGHTS 
TAKEN  IN  THE  MONTH  AS  THB  WEIGHT  FOR  THE  MONTH. 


Date. 

Percent  of 
shrinkage  to 
date. 

Percent  of 
original  weight 
lost  since  pre- 
ceding month. 

Percent  of 
original  weight 
gained  since  pre- 
ceding month. 

1905 
November 
December 

2.1 

1906 
January 
February 
March 

2.4 
3.0 
2.2 

.3 
.6 

".8 

April 
May 
June 

3.1 

6.9 
8.0 

.9 
3.8 
1.1 

July 
August 
September 

106 
13.3 
12.3 

2.6 

2.7 

1.6 

October 

10.2 

21 

URBANA  CRIB— FIRST  TRIAL 


TABLE  10.— DATES  OF  WEIGHING, 
SHRINKAGE,  OR  GAIN,  AND 
WEIGHING. 


NET   WEIGHT   OF  CORN,  POUNDS  OF 
STATE    OF    WEATHER   AT   TIME  OF 


Date  of 
weighing. 

Net  weight 
of  corn  in 
pounds  at 
time  of 
weighing. 

Pounds  of 
shrinkage 
since  last 
weighing". 

Pounds  of 
gain  since 
last 
weighing. 

State  of  weather  at  or 
near  time  of  weighing. 

1903 

Nov.  20 

19840 

No  rain  for  4  days 

"     27 

19500 

'346 

Clear,  no  rain,  cold 

Dec.    3 

19395 

105 

Clear,  dry 

"     10 

19205 

190 

Snow 

"     19 

19225 

'20 

Rain  6  hrs. 

11     24 

19155 

"70 

Rain  12  hrs. 

"     31 

18995 

160 

Clear,  cold 

1904 

Jan.     7 

18970 

25 

Snow,  clear,  cold 

•'     14 

18895 

75 

Snow  for  3  days 

"     21 

18975 

'so 

Rain,  warm 

"     28 

18945 

"36 

Snow,  clear,  cold 

Feb.     4 

18855 

90 

Cold,  dry 

"     11 

18770 

85 

Cold,  dry 

"     18 

18655 

115 

Cold,  snow 

'•     25 

18600 

55 

Srowing,  cold,  dry 

Mar.    3 

18670 

'70 

Clear 

'•     10 

18520 

ISO 

Showers 

"     17 

18480 

40 

Raining 

"     24 

18365 

115 

Rained  2  days 

"     31 

18260 

105 

Warm.  12  hrs    rain 

BULLETIN  No.  113. 
TABLE  10. — CONTINUED 


Net  weight 

Pounds  of 

Pounds  of 

Date  of 
weighing. 

of  corn  in 
pounds  at 
time  of 
weighing. 

shrinkage 
since  last 
weighing. 

gain  since 
last 
weighing. 

State  of  weather  at  or 
near  time  of  weighing. 

Apr.    7 

17935 

325 

Dry,  clear 

..     14 

17745 

190 

Dry,  clear 

'•     21 

17480 

265 

.  .  » 

Dry,  cool 

"    28 

17355 

125 

Rain  for  36  hrs 

May    5 

17035 

320 

Dry,  warm 

"     12 

16820 

215 

Rain,  dry  now 

"     19 

16720 

100 

Dry 

'•    26 

16505 

215 

Showers  today 

June   2 

16525 

'26 

Dry,  clear 

"    '  9 

16365 

ieo 

.  .  . 

Dry,  warm 

"     16 

16260 

105 

Shower,  clear  now 

"     23 

16110 

150 

Dry 

"     30 

16125 



is 

Dry 

July     7 

16150 



25 

Damp  today 

"     14 

16135 

is 

Shower  today 

11    21 

16000 

135 

Dry 

"    28 

15920 

80 

Slight  rain 

Aug.   4 

15805 

115 

Clear,  dry 

"     11 

15785 

20 

Slight  shower 

"     18 

15720 

65 

Clear,  dry 

•«    25 

15895 

175 

Light  shower 

"    31 

15885 

"io 

Heavy  shower 

Sept.  8 

15840 

45 

Dry,  clear 

"    15 

15830 

10 

Light  shower 

"    22 

15895 

'65 

Heavy  rain 

"    29 

16065 

170 

Very  heavy  rain 

Oct.     6 

15930 

135 

Rain 

11     13 

15975 

35 

'io 

Heavy  rain 

"    20 

15865 

110 

Clear,  dry 

"    27 

15830 

35 

Clear,  dry 

Nov.    3 

15845 

15 

Foggy  mornings 

"     10 

15935 

90 

Very  slight  sprinkle 

'    17 

15845 

"90 

Dry 

'     25 

15915 

'iii 

Dry 

Dec.    1 

15795 

'120 

Dry 

1       8 

15830 

'35 

Dry 

'     15 

15865 

35 

Moist 

'    22 

15990 

25 

Damp 

"     29 

16090 

100 

Wet 

1905 

Jan.     5 

16015 

75 

Moist 

••     12 

16260 

245 

Wet 

"     19 

16180 

"80 

Heavy  rain 

"     26 

16150 

30 

Dry,  snow 

Feb.    2 

16125 

25 

... 

Dry,  cold 

"       9 

16150 

25 

Moist,  snowing 

"     16 

16160 

10 

Dry,  6  inches  snow 

"    23 

16230 

70 

Moist,  thawing 

Mar.   2 

16260 

30 

Moist,  thawing 

"       9 

16275 

15 

Wet,  rain  and  snow 

"     16 

16225 

"50 

Drying 

"    23 

16165 

60 

Dry 

''     30 

16020 

145 

Moist,  slight  shower 

1907.] 


SHRINKAGE  OF  EAR  CORN. 
TABLE  10. — CONTINUED 


373 


Date  of 

weighing'. 

Net  weight 
of  corn  in 
pounds  at 
time  of 
weighing. 

Pounds  of 
shrinkage 
since  last 
weighing. 

Pounds  of 
gain  since 
last 
weighing. 

State  of  weather  at  or 
near  time  of  weighing. 

Apr.    6 

15925 

95 

Dry 

".  13 

15975 

.... 

'56 

Clear,  dry 

"    20 

15895 

80 

Heavy  shower 

"    27 

15985 

'96 

Wet,  2  inches  rain 

May    4 

15960 

"25 

No  rain  since  April  27 

"    11 

16030 

.... 

'76 

Showers 

"     18 

15965 

65 

Showery 

"    25 

15945 

20 

Dry  and  clear 

June    1 

15890 

55 

Heavy  rain 

"      8 

15785 

105 

Slight  shower 

"     15 

15830 

'45 

Dry 

"     22 

15800 

"30 

Dry 

"     29 

15725 

75 

,    ... 

Dry 

July    6 

15835 

no 

Rain  since  July  1 

"     13 

15890 

.... 

55 

Rain  for  13  days 

"     20 

15835 

55 

Heavy  shower 

"     27 

15755 

80 

Dry 

Aug.   3 

15800 

'45 

Slight  shower 

"     10 

15720 

"so 

.  .  . 

Very  dry 

"     17 

15820 

100 

Heavy  rain 

"     24 

15770 

"50 

... 

Clear  and  dry 

"    31 

15705 

65 

Clear,  dry,  warm 

Sept.  7 

15690 

15 

Clear,  dry,  warm 

"    14 

15815 

i25 

Rain  previous  to  wt. 

"    21 

15765 

"50 

Clear,  dry,  warm 

"    28 

15630 

135 

No  rain  for  2  wks. 

Oct.    5 

15650 



20 

Rain  previous  to  wt. 

"     12 

15590 

"eo 

Dry,  clear,  warm 

"     19 

15740 

150 

Heavy  rain 

URBAN  A  CRIB— FIRST  TRIAL. 

TABLE  11.— PERCENTAGES  OF  Loss  FOR  MONTH  BASED  ON  THE  ORIGINAL 
WEIGHT  OF  THE  CORN,  AND  ALSO  PERCENTAGES  OF  Loss  EACH 
MONTH,  SINCE  THE  PRECEDING  MONTH,  USING  THE  ORIGINAL 
WEIGHT  OF  THE  CORN  AS  THE  BASE,  AND  THE  AVERAGE  OF  ALL 
WEIGHTS  TAKEN,  AS  THE  WEIGHT  FOR  THE  MONTH 


Date. 

Percent  of 
shrinkage 
to  date. 

Percent  of 
original  weight 
lost  since  pre- 
ceding month. 

Percent  of 
original  weight 
gained  since 
preceding  month. 

1903 
November 
December 

.8 
3.2 

2A 

1904 
January 
February 
March 

4.5 
5.6 
6.9 

1.3 
1.1 
1.3 

874 


BULLETIN  No.  113. 
TABLE  11. — CONTINUED. 


[March, 


Date. 

Percent  of 
shrinkage 
to  date. 

Percent  of 
original  weight 
lost  since  pre- 
ceding month. 

Percent  of 
original  weight 
gained  since 
preceding  month. 

Aoril 
May 
June 

11.1 

15.4 
17.9 

4.2 
4.3 
2.5 

July 
August 
September 

19.0 
20.2 
19.8 

1.1 
1.2 

A 

October 
November 
December 

19.8 
19.9 
19.7 

.0 
.1 

".2 

1905 
January 
February 
March 

18.5 
18.5 
18.4 

.0 

1.2 

"i 

April 
May 
June 

19.6 
20.7 
20.3 

1.2 
1.1 

"A 

July 
August 
September 

20.2 

20.5 
20.7 

!3 
.2 

.1 

October 

21.0 

.3 

URBANA  CRIB— SECOND  TRIAL. 

TABLE  12.— SHOWING  THE  DATES  WHEN  THE  CRIB  WAS  WEIGHED,  THE 
NET  WEIGHT  OF  THE  CORN,  AND  POUNDS  OF  Loss,  OR  GAIN,  SINCE 
LAST  WEIGHING 


Date 
of 

Weighing. 

Net  weight 
of  corn  in 
pounds  at 
time  of 
weighing. 

Pounds  of 
shrinkage 
since  last 
weighing 

Pounds  of 
gain  since 
last 
weighing. 

State  of  weather  at  or 
near  time  of  weighing. 

1905 
Nov.    2 

23145 

9 
16 
23 

22935 
22555 
22225 

210 
380 
330 



Clear 
Small  shower 

30 

21955 

270 

Dec.    7 

21945 

10 

14    - 
21 

21760 
21995 

185 

235 

Clear  and  warm 

28 

21700 

295 

1907.] 


SHRINKAGE  OF  EAR  CORN. 
TABLE  12. — CONTINUED 


375 


Net  weight 

Pounds  of 

Pounds  of 

Date  of 

weighing. 

of  corn  in 
pounds  at 
time  of 
weighing. 

shrinkage 
since  last 
weighing. 

gain  since 
last 
weighing. 

State  of  weather  at  or 
near  time  of  weighing. 

1906 

Jan.    4 

21645 

55 

"    11 

21505 

140 

Cloudy 

"    18 

21560 

"55 

Small  showers 

"    25 

21570 

10 

Heavy  rainfall 

Feb.    1 

20680 

110 

Clear 

"      8' 

21270 

,  590 

Clear,  cold 

"    15 

21340 

70 

Clear 

"    22 

21320 

"26 

Clear 

Mar.  1 

21275 

45 

Clear 

"      8 

21305 

.... 

"30 

Damp 

"    15 

21265 

40 

12  in.  snow,  melting 

"    22 

20670 

595 

Heavy  snow 

"    29 

21295 



'625 

Heavy  rain 

Apr.   5 

21095 

200 

Raining 

"    12 

21035 

60 

Clear,  rain  previous 

"    19 

20710 

325 

Clear 

"    26 

20165 

245 

Shower  previous 

May   3 

20340 

125 

Clear,  rain  previous 

"10 

20170 

170 

Clear,  shower  previous 

"    17 

19890 

280 

Dry 

"    24 

19685 

205 

Heavy  rain  previous 

"    31 

19875 

'l90 

Heavy  rain 

June  7 

19870 

"5 

Shower  previous 

"    14 

19880 

"io 

Raining 

"    21 

19870 

"io 

Clear,  rain  previous 

"    28 

19785 

85 

Hot,  dry 

July    5 

19700 

85 

Dry 

"    12 

19590 

110 

Clear,  warm 

"    19 

19595 

5 

Dry 

"    26 

19480 

'iis 

Clear,  dry 

Aug.  2 

19405 

75 

Clear,  dry 

"      9 

19735 

330 

Showers 

"    16 

19620 

'iis 

Clear,  dry 

"    23 

19735 

iis 

Clear,  warm 

"    30 

19700 

"35 

Rain  previous  to  wt. 

Sept.    6 

19600 

100 

Clear,  dry 

"    11 

19655 

55 

Clear,  dry 

"    13 

19635 

"26 

Shower  previous 

"    20 

19600 

35 

Clear,  dry 

"    27 

19555 

45 

Shower  previous 

Oct.    4 

19735 

180 

Shower  previous 

"    11 

19655 

"so 

Clear  and  dry 

"    18 

19560 

95 

Rain  2  days  previous 

"    25 

19625 

.... 

"65 

Heavy  rain' 

"    31 

19640 

15 

Clear  and  dry 

376 


BULLETIN  No.  113. 


[March, 


URBANA  CRIB— SECOND  TRIAL. 

TABLE  13.— PERCENTAGES  OF  Loss  FOR  MONTH  BASED  ON  THE  ORIGINAL 
WEIGHT  OF  THE  CORN,  AND  ALSO  PERCENTAGES  OF  Loss  EACH 
MONTH  SINCE  THE  PRECEDING  MONTH,  USING  THE  ORIGINAL 
WEIGHT  OF  THE  CORN  AS  THE  BASE,  AND  THE  AVERAGE  OF  ALL 
WEIGHTS  TAKEN  AS  THE  WEIGHT  FOR  THE  MONTH. 


Date. 

Percent  of 
shrinkage  to 
date. 

Percent  of 
original  weight 
lost  since 
preceding  month. 

Percent  of 
original  weight 
gained  since 
preceding  month. 

1905 
November 
December 

2.5 
5.5 

3.6 

1906 
January 
February 
March 

6.7 
8.6 

••V~.      8.5  ' 

1.2 
1.9 

'.i 

April 
May 
June 

10.0 
13.6 
14.2 

1.5 

3.6 
.6 

July 
August 
September 

15.3 
15.1 
15.2 

1.1 

.i 

"2 

^  , 


